Childcare Essays Effects of Media to Children

Childcare Essays Effects of Media to Children Effects of Media to Children Media has been a significant part of our daily life, a vehicle for communicating to the public as well as a source of entertainment. Magazines, TV programs, radio, billboards, news, internet, cell phones are the forms of mass media which are considered to be part of our everyday routine. Traditionally, parents serve as primary social models for children; whereas other models may include siblings, teachers, relatives and other persons who are significant in children’s lives. Over time, however, parents’ influence as models to their children is on the decline as a direct or indirect result of technological advancement and alterations in household economics. Aside from their busy schedules (which is common in dual-career and single-parent households), families of today seem to gather around rarely because each member has easy access to his or her own television, telephone, computer, music player, etc.. This set-up would imply that children are more inclined to interact les s with their parents and spend more time on their own. Thus, children could turn their attention from their parents to more accessible diversions, such as television watching. Without their parents’ direct guidance or control, such exposure can become excessive and unguarded. It would not be much of a surprise, if what these children watch did influence their thinking and behavior. Studies conducted by Weiten Lloyd reported that children in the U.S. spend 2-4 hours on TV watching alone and this habit appears to increase as they get older (Kirsh). Children and the youth are media’s darling. Media as perceived by children is full of excitement and wonder, because it brings them to a world of reality as well as make believe. A child development expert T. Berry Brazelton, MD., warns parents that, media is really â€Å"the biggest competitor for our children’s heart and mind† (Steyer). Furthermore, James P. Steyer an advocate for media organization for childr en, in his book regards media as â€Å"the other parent† since at present time children spend much of their time with these different forms of media. In view of the fact that our society is media saturated, parents should be aware of the positive and negative effects of media to children. Media’s positive effects are: First, its academic learning opportunities. â€Å"Over the past 30 years, shows such as Sesame Street, Teletubbies, Barney, and Blue’s Clues have provided academic learning to toddlers and pre-aged children. For older children, programs such as Zoom, Cyberchase, and Zoboomafoo are replete with informative, scientific facts. For pre-teens and teenagers, cable channels such as The Animal Planet, The Discovery Channel, and The Learning Channel offer a wide range of educational fare†(Kirsh). Children that are exposed to educational programs are more likely to adopt to what they are watching , to cite an example children(toddlers) from a non-english speaking country that are expose to shows like Barney are able to learn to speak English although with improper grammar. They learn to communicate with the English language and by the time they attend school learning grammar will be easier for them. The same is true with older children, progra ms shown in the National Geographic Channel, The Animal Planet and Discovery Channel and articles written in their published magazine as well as their websites help them to learn and see what a certain animal looks like, see and explore places that are impossible for human to go to and visit places that are overseas. These educational programs help them to visualize places and animals as well as further explain theories that are learned in the classroom. The second positive effect of media is pro-social behavior learning. â€Å"Pro-social behavior refers to any action that benefits another person. Comforting, sharing, and helping are all examples of pro-social actions† (Kirsh). Many develop mentalists, especially those leaning towards the tradition of Social-Cognitive perspective; argue that much of the changes in children’s behavior may be accounted for by their observation of others. Learning through imitation or more commonly known as Observational Learning, occurs when a child observes and eventually imitates a model’s behavior. Programs designed for pro social behavior learning teaches children to practice social behavior such as sharing, helping when they themselves interact socially. They are thought how to properly respond to problems encountered in the outside world like in school or in the community. For example a child who watches how kids share art materials in completing a project in Sesame Street wi ll the same way share his crayons to a classmate when he attend school. To further explain this impression, a study conducted by Mares in 1986 â€Å"suggest that the viewing of pro social television content can increase positive interactions among youth during play and increase altruism† (Kirsh). On the other hand, although pro social programs are intended to teach pro social behavior the age of the viewer should be considered because children of younger age are more adaptable to such teaching than older children. Despite the positive effects presented media has negative effects as well. Children’s familiarity with these media models could lead them to pick up new behaviors that are not modeled by their own parents such as: First, body image and eating disorder problems. According to the Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorder organization (ANRED), more than half of teenage girls are on diets or think they should be (Tomeo). TV programs and magazines that show teenage girls that are thin even though unintentional young girls tend to copy their favorite character. In their target to get thin they put themselves to diet, at times they force themselves not to eat to get thin. â€Å"On average, girls begin dieting at the age of eight, and eighty-one percent of ten-year-olds fear becoming fat. A national eating disorder treatment center in 2006 reported that sixty-three percent of elementary school teachers are concerned about eating disorders in their classroom. From where do these gi rls get such a poor self image† (Tomeo). Unfortunately, mass media most frequently foster negative affective body images among youth (Kirsh). Apparently, models are not limited to real people; super heroes, cartoon or video game characters, even television or movie idols, can also serve as symbolic or media models in this case. The second negative effect of media is the introduction to drug use. Commercials give enthusiasm to young viewers because they are entertaining, but the harm it brings to the young minds of children is often overlooked. The youth being exposed in a world surrounded with media, are therefore exposed to adult aimed advertisements like commercials of cigarettes and liquor. According to a group that studies health issues, in 1999 the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation concluded that the average child between age eight to 18 spends more than 40 hours using television, radio, billboards and the internet wherein advertising occupies much of the time (â€Å"Youth-Oriented Advertising†). Furthermore, it is a fact according to Gerbner that many of this adult oriented advertisements are purposely designed to be attractive to the youth (Kirsh, p. 337). Take smoking for instance; commercials of cigarette infuse curiosity to the youth in the same way that movies and music videos that contain characters that smoke predispose them to do the same. Moreover, ads contribute to problems such as obesity, alcohol abuse and teen smoking (â€Å"Youth-Oriented Advertising†). To sum up, the discussion revealed that aside from parents and significant people who come in contact with the child, symbolic characters can also be potent models. Taking into consideration the presence of factors that have a pervasive influence on the child’s imitative behavior, the television can be a powerful agent of socialization. Despite its negative effects, however, TV viewing can also have constructive effects on children. Under proper supervision and if viewing is done in moderation, families, particularly parents can harness, and even maximize this medium’s potential as a good source of information and helpful avenue for learning.

Crumbling Dreams in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman :: Death Salesman essays

Crumbling Dreams in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman is a play best summed up in its title, it is just that, the death of a salesman. This death is not necessarily the physical end to a human life, but the crumbling end to the dreams of Willie Loman, the play's main character. The three main parts to Willie's world are his job, his family, and his image as seen by the rest of the world. Although these parts are interwoven and interrelated, they are best divided and given separate analysis. The first part of Willie's world is his job. Willie is a salesman for a large company in New York. Willie's self-image and much of his self-worth are based in his job. In his own mind he is still as he used to be, well known and well respected among the clientele in the New England area. Things have changed though and the people Willie once knew in the business are no longer there and he no longer has the connections he once had. His inability to cope with and adapt to this changing business has caused, among other things, a loss in pay. Willie has lost his competitive edge, and with it his feeling of self worth and identity. The second part of Willie's world is his family, more specifically his son, Biff. Biff is the firstborn and favorite son of Willie. Willie has high expectations of, and transfers his dreams, as so many fathers do, onto Biff. Biff can not live up to the expectations of his father and has dreams of his own which cause Willie to see him as a loafer, a shiftless bum with no desire to succeed. Although Willie's dreams are not realized in Biff, his son's respect is still important. This respect is lost when Biff catches his father in an affair with a young lady. Even though this is not talked about (Biff never told anyone, not even his mother) it still creates tension and causes Biff to lose the respect he once held for Willie. Willie's main philosophy in life is "Be liked and you will never want" and this is the cause of the problems in the third part of Willie's life, his image. Image is everything to Willie. In his past he was a well liked, well known, respected man who turned his image into his success, but his image has changed.

Eddie Carbone Essay

Eddie Carbone is a complicated character, some say he is a villain due to the actions that he takes, others sympathise with him, saying that he is a victim. You can view him in different lights, although he acts, some may say, in a villainous manner, he is a victim of his feelings, confused and unsure of the right thing to do. Eddie has very strong feelings that he finds very difficult to cope with, this leads the audience to feel sympathy towards him. He loves Catherine and feels very responsible for her well being. He shows this when he say’s â€Å"I promised your mother on her deathbed. Eddie feels he has a sense of duty that he needs to protect her from the outside world. He is at conflict with himself as he feels responsible for Catherine but also knows that he needs to let her go. He is also jealous and disgusted by Rodolfo. When Eddie kisses Rodolfo, he implied that Rodolfo was â€Å"queer†. This was a desperate act to get rid of Rodolfo and therefore keep Catherine close to home. Eddie has mixed feelings about this because he wants Catherine to stay at home but also he wants to keep his name in the community. Eddie also has very strong principles which influence his judgement; this allows the audience to empathise with him. Eddie has strong loyalties and a sense of family with Beatrice and Catherine. He shows that family should stick together when he says to Beatrice â€Å"you will be on my side or theirs, that’s all. † This shows how important he values a close knit family who stick together no matter what. It also shows that to be strong he thinks he needs a family around him to support him and back him up. Eddie has strong values in regard to the importance of community. When he warns Catherine of the Vinnie Bolzano story, it shows that he values the importance of community. That no one can live without their reputation and loyalty of wife and neighbours. This also shows that he is willing to fight to get it back. This portrays how much his emotions have overpowered his values as he goes against the community when he betrays Marco and Rodolfo later in the scene. Eddie takes quite daring actions in the later parts of the play, this causes the audience and other characters to judge him. Eddie is desperate to prove that Rodolfo is not worthy of Catherine. When he kisses Rodolfo it implies that Rodolfo is â€Å"queer†. Catherine is quite disgusted by what Eddie is implying and shocked that he would treat people in that way. The audience is shocked and again disgusted with the lengths that Eddie would go to in order to get what he wants. Eddie was desperate to get rid of Rodolfo when reports him and his brother to the immigration office. Eddies betrayal of Rodolfo and Marco showed his true colours and how he really felt about Catherine. This shocked the audience and made them judge him as disloyal and hypercritical. Making them judge him as a villain. Eddie has very strong feelings of pride which cause him to act in a villainous manner. Eddie finds criticism difficult to deal with and is very aware of people judging him. He refuses Beatrice when she asks â€Å"when will I be a wife again Eddie? † This causes problems in his relationship with Beatrice as he lets his pride get in the way. He never compromises but instead lets his views be coloured by his principles. Eddie has unusual feelings towards Catherine, this makes the audience feel uncomfortable and make them feel that he is acting inappropriately. When he kisses Catherine, he is under the influence of alcohol, this causes the worst elements of his character to emerge. It shows how he is really feeling about her and also that he is hoping for her to feel the same way. In conclusion I think that Eddie Carbone is a victim more than a villain as the way he is feeling makes him act the way that some may describe villainous. He dies a tragic hero as he is just standing up for what he believes in and trying to make what he thinks right, reality.

Ellen Fairclough Biography

Analysis Of The Poem I Am I m Charlotte Wasserman

Hello, I’m Charlotte Wasserman, and today I will be sharing my journey in poetry writing. I began to love poetry in the sixth grade. I had never written that much before, but I discovered that I get this inspirational feeling when I write poetry that I never get in anything else. Sometimes my poems seemed good from the start; some I knew needed a little help. I think some of my best poems were revised over and over. Just remember, I d rather have a rough draft in the beginning and have a great piece at the end than to never write or try at all! Let s talk about imagery; imagery is a skill in poetry writing. I have grown in my ability to show imagery this year, and I think I m great at this skill. It makes the reader form a picture in his or her head. So, I have two pieces that are nothing alike, except they show how imagery can be used in separate ways. Imagery is an important skill that all writers should know of. It can make every creative piece 100 percent better. This first piece I m sharing today is not the best, but you will listen to the difference and growth between my first and second piece. My first piece I ll be reading today is called Beneficial. It was one of our vocabulary words! Beneficial Beneficial was sitting at her desk. She saw her friend missing her textbook during class. As the helpful, favorable person she was She knew when to give her friend the extra textbook she had. Favors are Beneficial s thing! All her friends depend onShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge. — 15th ed. p. cm. Includes indexes. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-283487-2 ISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual

To What Extent Was Augustus s Achievement Of Power A...

1. To what extent was Augustus achievement of power a continuation of the phenomenon we have been examining throughout this course? How was Augustus different? By the time of his death in AD 14, what had changed since the epoch of Scipio Aemilianus? To change an empire from a Republic to a Monarchy, is in itself a great achievement, but to be that one man that successfully changes the way of old to the original form of state is an amazing fete. The will to achieve this, and the desire must be great and you must truly be remarkable, although in saying that, having your forefathers pave the way, assist in reaching that goal. This is what Augustus achieved, he became greatest man in Rome, the highest achievement one might endeavour, outdoing his forefathers. He played the game of Roman politics against some of the greatest minds, brilliantly and shaped what is now known as the â€Å"Great Roman Empire†. Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian hereinafter referred to â€Å"Augustus†, was given the title of imperium by age of 19, to gain this, he amassed a private army and marched on the Senate in Revenge for his adopted father’s murder. Augustus developed a peaceful and cultural Ancient Rome . In contrast, both Caesar and Sulla before him, were appointed to dictator under the Lex Valeria (Valerian law) , both had ultimate goals of monarchy, but where Caesar, used the people to ascertain if this would be accepted , Sulla ruled with an iron fist. It was Sulla, who ultimately paved theShow MoreRelatedContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesways of improving it. Although always appealing to his economic understandings, he has been open to a wide variety of other ideas, recognizing their intellectual strengths and capabilities rather than making artificial distinctions between what is acceptable and what is not. He also has contributed widely to the accounting literature, taking forward the British tradition of economic theorizing in financial accounting as well as being a constant source of creative thinking in the management accounting

The Purpose of Higher Education free essay sample

Higher education is important because it aids students into finding self-awareness. Self-awareness is especially important because when people have a better understanding of themselves, they are often encouraged to build on their areas of strength, as well as identifying the areas that could use improvement. Self-awareness often leads to setting goals. Setting goals can lead to success. In other words, higher education is very beneficial and helps lead to success. Education will positively affect most, if not all areas of your life. The purpose of higher education is to prepare students for a more successful future, to allow students to have more opportunities in life through a liberal education, and to instruct students on how to think more critically. What is self-awareness and why should I care? Self-awareness is the ability to perceive your own personality, feelings, character, strengths, weaknesses, thoughts, motivations etc. Why should you care about being self-aware? Self-awareness is beneficial, and the words of Brett Blumenthal, a former college student and a bestselling author who has been featured in The New York Times, â€Å"It makes us better people. We will write a custom essay sample on The Purpose of Higher Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Blumenthal lists reasons why self-awareness is important, including increased empathy, admission, acceptance, tolerance level, humility, and likeability. {sheerbalance. com} These traits will not only help you gain success in education and careers, but also aid in being a better person in general. Self-awareness is more often than not taught through higher education. Higher education prepares students for a successful future. Ultimately, success is achieving popularity, profit, or uniqueness. In other words, being successful means that you are content with your life choices. If you are not content with your life choices, then you are usually not as happy as you could potentially be. Success is most likely featured on any motivated person’s list of goals. Preparation for a more successful future is an ideal purpose of higher education. Without that preparation, students lack the knowledge of knowing what steps to take next in their life. Having a higher liberal education opens individuals up to more opportunities in their life. According to The Association of American Colleges and Universities, the leading national association concerned with the quality, vitality, and public standing of undergraduate liberal education, a liberal education is â€Å"an approach to learning that empowers individuals and prepares them to deal with complexity, diversity, and change. It provides students with broad knowledge of the wider world (e. g. cience, culture, and society) as well as in-depth study in a specific area of interest. A liberal education helps students develop a sense of social responsibility, as well as strong and transferable intellectual and practical skills such as communication, analytical and problem-solving skills, and a demonstrated ability to apply knowledge and skills in real-world settings. † {The Association of American Colleges and Universities, AACamp;U} Some jobs even require that all considered app licants have at least an associate’s degree. Another great purpose for higher education is obtaining a liberal education. â€Å"Those more educated now tend to be significantly less religious; those more religious tend to be significantly less educated,† says Os Guinness in Fit Bodies Fat Minds. On the contrary, the more educated tend to have broader minds, where as the more religious tend to have closed minds. It is not a matter of who has more or less education, but a matter of who has the ability to be able to think critically. Critical thinking is mandatory in receiving an education. â€Å"Critical thinking is the ability to apply reasoning and logic to new or unfamiliar ideas, opinions, and situations. † {wisegeek. org} In other words, critical thinking is abstract thinking. Why is that important? Critical thinking is important because it creates a higher level of analysis and concentration. When someone is critically thinking, they are more engaged and focused than someone who is not critically thinking. Critically thinking enables broad thinking and avoids sticking to obvious explanations or reasoning. Conclusively, critical thinking is respected and looked up to by many individuals for different reasons, making learning this trait a purpose for higher education. The purpose of higher education varies for everybody. Sometimes people get a higher education for more opportunities, for the sake of self-improvement, or because they are interested in learning and excelling in a specific profession. These three purposes are some of the most important because they do not only affect you in the classroom, but they also benefit you at home, work, or while collaborating with others. Some of the most important purposes of higher education is to prepare students for a more successful future, to allow students to have more opportunities in life through a liberal education, and to instruct students on how to think more critically. Higher education should be considered essential to all.